Nombre: JUNIO CEZAR DE AMORIM
Fecha de publicación: 29/12/2020
Supervisor:
Nombre |
Papel |
|---|---|
| WALBERMARK MARQUES DOS SANTOS | Advisor * |
Junta de examinadores:
| Nombre |
Papel |
|---|---|
| DANILO DE PAULA E SILVA | External Examiner * |
| HÉLIO MARCOS ANDRÉ ANTUNES | External Examiner * |
| JOSE LEANDRO FÉLIX SALLES | External Examiner * |
| JUSSARA FARIAS FARDIN | Internal Examiner * |
| WALBERMARK MARQUES DOS SANTOS | Advisor * |
Sumario: One of the most efficient and safe means of transport is rail transport. In Brazil, diesel-electric locomotive they are used in the vast majority of railroads, WHERE a diesel engine provides kinetic energy for an electric generator that powers the traction engines. In this work, a study is carried out on the regeneration of the braking energy produced by the locomotive's traction motors to supply its auxiliary loads, such as air conditioning, air compressor, fans and blowers. This work is limited to the study of the Dash 9 locomotive fleet of a Brazilian railroad. In this work, real train travel data is used to determine the most suitable energy accumulator. For this, it was necessary to identify the characteristics of the braking, such as the average time of application of the brake, average energy produced by braking and the average time between braking. It was necessary to identify in the field the loads fed by the auxiliary circuit, since many of them the manufacturer did not provide all the information necessary for the development of this work. Were modeled the loads, the traction motors as generators and three different types of accumulators, the first being formed by batteries and supercapacitors, the second formed exclusively by supercapacitors and the third formed exclusively by batteries. With the data stored by the locomotives event recorder regarding the energy produced in the brakings and, of the models, the best configuration of accumulators for energy regeneration was determined. It is extremely important to define the best accumulator to be used and its adequate dimensioning to reduce the cost of the project, reducing the return on investment committed in the project. If, for example, the accumulators are oversized, they will be underutilized, increasing the cost of the project unnecessarily. However, the under-dimensioning reduces the amount of energy
regenerated, not making adequate use of all the energy produced. In this work, the regeneration system was modeled as a hybrid system, which consists of differential equations, or equations for differences and logical equations. Such models were simulated with the aid of the Hysdel toolbox of the computational tool Matlab. It is concluded in this work that for the railway under study, the accumulator formed exclusively by batteries was the one that presented the best result. However, on railways whose average braking time is less than 62 seconds, the accumulator formed by supercapacitors will probably show the best result. For railways whose average braking time is between 62 and 110 seconds, probably the best result will be obtained using the accumulator formed by batteries and supercapacitors.
